Crop Protection

Aphids in the Greenhouse: Sources, Control, and the Ant Connection

3 min read March 8, 2026

Three Real Sources of Aphid Infestation

Infested planting material — quarantine for 7–10 days with thorough inspection before introducing plants to the growing area.

Winged forms — when a colony becomes overcrowded, winged aphids develop and migrate through damaged ventilation screens.

Ants as carriers — ants feed on honeydew, protect aphid colonies from natural enemies, and spread populations to other plants.

Why Aphids Are Dangerous

  • Honeydew → sooty mould → reduced photosynthesis
  • Virus transmission — aphids are the primary vector for cucumber mosaic virus and potato virus Y

Control

Monitoring: inspect shoot tips and young leaves regularly. One week's delay equals a population in the thousands.

Mechanical removal: small, localised colonies can be removed by hand.

Biological control:

  • Aphidius colemani — parasitic wasp that creates mummified aphids
  • Aphidoletes aphidimyza — predatory midge effective at higher aphid densities

Beneficial insects do not work effectively when ants are present.

Chemical control: systemic products (flonicamid, pirimiphos-methyl) or contact products with IRAC group rotation.

Three Mistakes That Cost the Most

  1. Ignoring ants — they drive off beneficials and introduce new aphids
  2. Waiting for numbers to grow — at 5–10 individuals, action is already required
  3. Pyrethroids as the first line of defence — most aphid populations carry resistance

Signs of Successful Control

  • Two weeks of inspections with no new colonies
  • Mummified aphids present (indicating parasitic wasp activity)
  • No new honeydew deposits
  • Ants absent or physically excluded from plants